Theoretically, sperm can stay frozen indefinitely. A pregnancy has been reported in the literature using sperm which had been frozen for 20 years.

Sperm should be cryopreserved:

• When there is a risk of reproductive ability loss (testis removal, chemotherapy, radiotherapy.)
• When the male partner will be absent on the day of oocyte retrieval.
• In cases of surgical sperm recovery.
• In cases of sperm recovery using electroejaculation.
• In cases of ejaculation problems.
• In cases of progressively declining sperm quality.
• Before sterilization by vasectomy.